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Sequential provides advanced microbiome testing for personal care products, delivering actionable insights to enhance product efficacy and consumer trust. Your Clinical Research Partner End-to-end clinical research for skin, scalp, intimate & oral Human clinical testing, biomarker discovery, and next-generation formulations — powered by the world's most advanced multi-omics platform. 100+ 50,000+ 4,000+ 10,000+ Sample Database Ingredients Database Study Participants Industry Partners Dermocosmetics Pharma Therapeutics CRO Partnerships Ingredient Manufacturers What We Offer From study design and participant recruitment to laboratory analysis and data interpretation, Sequential delivers an end-to-end, in-house solution for understanding how products interact in real use cases. Our clinically relevant insights translate complex microbial and molecular data into clear, actionable outcomes empowering companies to develop products that are credible, effective, and trusted by consumers. Start a study See how it works Supporting World-Class Clients & Partners Join Our Partners! What Our Clients Say “Sequential is one of the world’s most innovative Microbiome companies. The resolution at subspecies level, and to perform quantification of key vaginal microbes, in vivo , was exactly what we wanted at Curive Healthcare to know intricately how our product is working to improve women’s health.” - Matthew Line, Chief Marketing Officer at Curive Healthcare

Discover our team of award-winning scientists dedicated to advancing microbiome research for a healthier world. Explore our expertise now. We are a Team of Award-Winning Scientists Creating a World of Healthier Individuals Our platform is the result of our team’s combined expertise in genetics, epigenetics, and microbiome research. We utilise deep molecular analysis and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to understand the impact of product usage on an individual’s microbiome. Through our efforts, we hope to revolutionise the way in which the industry develops and tests its products to deliver optimal results to those utilising them. Our Mission Sequential is the industry leader in clinical human research and testing offering a comprehensive end-to-end platform designed to bring science-backed solutions to the personal care and pharmaceutical industry. Our mission is to understand the impact of the microbiome on the host (humans) and how the host impacts the microbiome in order to characterise human health fully. We offer an extensive platform to conduct research on personal care products through microbiome testing, and biophysical assessments, and offer full recruitment services for studies. We are keen to publish our findings with our partners to increase the literature within this space. At present our database of over 20,000 human microbiome samples is one of the most sophisticated within the industry and is growing rapidly. Innovation Pioneering the forefront of biological science, we consistently introduce groundbreaking advancements to redefine industry standards. Transparency Our commitment to openness ensures a clear understanding of our human microbiome testing processes and analysis. Reliability We guarantee dependable results, fostering trust in the accuracy of our analyses. Our Team at Sequential Oliver Worsley, PhD CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER & CO-FOUNDER Albert Dashi, PhD CHIEF SCIENCE OFFICER & CO-FOUNDER Pétronille Houdart, PharmD SKINCARE DIRECTOR The Commercial Team Derek Butler, PhD MBA COMMERCIAL DIRECTOR Athena Hajaig, BSc MARKETING ASSOCIATE Carla Brown, PhD, MBA SALES ASSOCIATE Jaina Bhayani, PhD SALES ASSOCIATE Marya Ahmed, MSc HEAD OF MARKETING The Scientific Team Sibora Peca, MSc CLINICAL OPERATIONS LEAD Omera Bi, PhD, AFHE R&D PROJECT SPECIALIST Grace Robinson, MSc ASSOCIATE SCIENTIST Khanh Lê Đào, BA JUNIOR CLINICAL ASSISTANT Omololu Fagunwa, PhD SENIOR BIOINFORMATICIAN Ami Picari CLINICAL ASSISTANT Sija Sajibu, PhD SENIOR SCIENTIST Behafarid Ghalandari, PhD SENIOR AI SCIENTIST Please find listed a selection of relevant peer-reviewed publications from our advisors. Wu G, TL Dawson, et al. (2015) Genus-Wide Comparative Genomics of Malassezia Delineates Its Phylogeny, Physiology, and Niche Adaptation on Human Skin. PLOS Genetics 11(11): e1005614. Chng, K., Nagarajan, N., et al. (2016) Whole metagenome profiling reveals skin microbiome-dependent susceptibility to atopic dermatitis flare. Nat Microbiol 1, 16106. Tay, A.S., Nagarajan, N., et al (2018). 1039 Skin microbiome profiles of atopic dermatitis patients segregate into two community composition types that are stable before and after therapy. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 138. S176. 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1051. Ramasamy S., Barnard, E., Dawson, TL, and Huiying Li. (2019). Role of the skin microbiota in acne pathophysiology. British Journal of Dermatology, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.18230. Dawson, TL. (2019) Malassezia: The Forbidden Kingdom Opens. Cell Host Microbe https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2019.02.010 Tay, A.S., Nagarajan, N., et al (2020). Atopic dermatitis microbiomes stratify into ecologic dermotypes enabling microbial virulence and disease severity. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.09.031. Dawson, TL. (2021) Malassezia: A Skin Commensal Yeast Impacting Both Health and Disease. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol., doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.659219 Bissonnette, Robert & FAAD, & Palijan, Ana & Salem, Youssef & Maari, Catherine & Proulx, Etienne & Edjekouane, Lydia & Joly-Chevrier, Maxine & Devis, Andrew & Dashi, Albert & Worsley, Oliver. (2024). 50694 Gut microbiome differences between patients with moderate to severe Chronic Hand Eczema and healthy subjects. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 91. AB224. 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.07.889. Supported By Scientific Board of Advisors Our advisors are world leaders in the skin microbiome and have extensive experience in bringing forward solutions for skin concerns Prof. Tom Dawson Senior Principal Investigator at Skin Research Institute of Singapore. Over 30 years experience in biotechnology innovations, and expert in the skin and hair microbiome. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Pharmacology at the Univer sity of North Carolina. Dr Kimberly Capone Dr Kimberly Capone is a pioneer and established expert in microbiology and the human microbiome field where she created new business opportunities across multiple brands over 13 years at Johnson & Johnson Consumer, Inc. Areas of concentration included infant and adult skin, vaginal, gut, and oral health. Prof. Phillip Bennett Phillip Bennett is Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Director of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology. Professor Bennett has been one of the key pioneers in researching the vaginal microbiome. In particular, to understand and characterise the impact of the vaginal microbiome on preterm labour. Bennett has published over 400 peer-reviewed research articles over his career. Dr Natalya Fox Dr Natalya Fox is a Dermatologist at the NHS - St George's Hospital, London. Previously, Fox did her MBChB at the University of Edinburgh 201 4 and has her Full MRCP UK in Dermatology. Fox is passionate about the skin microbiome and its place in dermatology. Prof. Elena Lurie-Luke A senior R&D, Innovation and Entrepreneurship Executive with extensive technical, strategic business development. Proven leadership experience in both global FMCG and public health sector environments. Prof. Niranjan Nagarajan Associate Director & Senior Group Leader at Genome Institute of Singapore. Expert in computation biology, in particular the study of microbial communities resident on the human skin. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Computer Science at Cornell University. Dr Alexander Lezhava Senior Group Leader & Associate Director at Genome Institute of Singapore. Expert in the commercial development of medical diagnostics and clinical-grade molecular assays. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Microbiology at Hiroshima University. Our Labs Sequential has clinical testing labs in New York City, Cambridge and Singapore. Being close to our customers has allowed us to reduce turnaround time, whilst retaining the intellectual property in-house. Supporting World-Class Clients & Partners

At Sequential we take your privacy seriously. For a full breakdown, please read through our policy on how we use your information for microbiome product testing. Privacy Policy Last updated: Jul 28, 2026 Sequential Skin Ltd is committed to using personal information lawfully, fairly and transparently. This Privacy Policy explains how we use personal information in connection with sequential.bio (the Site), general business communications, marketing, supplier and customer relationships, and recruitment. Separate privacy information may apply to a research study, clinical or consumer testing programme, sample analysis, app, portal, customer project or employee relationship. If a specific notice is provided for one of those activities, that notice applies to that activity and takes priority if there is any inconsistency. 1. Who we are and how to contact us Sequential Skin Ltd is a company registered in England and Wales under company number 12547483. Our registered office and postal address is Moneta (B280), Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, CB22 3AT, United Kingdom. For the processing described in this policy, Sequential Skin Ltd is generally the controller. In some customer-sponsored studies or projects, we may act only as a processor on another organisation's instructions; in that case, the relevant controller's privacy notice explains how your information is used. Privacy enquiries and rights requests: team@sequential.bio 2. Scope of this policy This policy applies to visitors to the Site, people who contact us, newsletter subscribers, prospective and current business contacts, customer and supplier representatives, job applicants, and other individuals whose information we process for our own business purposes. The Site is not directed at children. A study involving a child or young person will use a specific recruitment, consent and privacy process appropriate to that study. 3. Personal information we collect Identity and contact information. Name, title, employer, role, postal address, email address, telephone number and account identifiers. Business and relationship information. Organisation, sector, professional interests, correspondence, meeting notes, enquiries, proposals, contract details and relationship history. Marketing information. Subscription choices, preferred topics and channels, consent records, objections, suppression records and engagement with communications. Technical and usage information. IP address, browser and device information, time zone, approximate location derived from IP, security logs, identifiers and information about how the Site and emails are used. Account and security information. Login or authentication records, permissions, activity logs and information used to prevent fraud, abuse or unauthorised access. Recruitment information. CV, qualifications, employment history, work eligibility, application responses, interview notes, references and information reasonably required to assess an application. Other information you provide. Information included in forms, messages, documents, feedback or support requests. 4. Special category and study information Please do not send health, genetic, biometric or other special category information through a general website or contact form unless we specifically ask for it and explain why it is needed. If you apply for or take part in a research study, clinical study, consumer testing programme or sample-based service, Sequential or the relevant sponsor may process health, genetic, biometric, microbiome or other sensitive information. A study- or service-specific notice will identify the controller and explain the purpose, lawful basis, applicable special-category condition, safeguards, retention and sharing. Study participation and consent to take part in research are separate from consent used as a data-protection lawful basis. 5. How we obtain information We obtain information directly from you when you use the Site, contact us, subscribe, meet with us, enter a business relationship or apply for a role. We also obtain information automatically from devices and services, subject to cookie choices. We may obtain business contact information from your employer or colleagues, event organisers, professional networks, referral partners, publicly available professional sources, service providers, recruitment agencies or customers and partners. When information is obtained from another source, we provide privacy information as required by law unless an exception applies. 6. Why we use information and our lawful bases Operate and secure the Site. To deliver pages and requested features, maintain availability, prevent misuse, troubleshoot and protect systems. We rely on legitimate interests in operating a secure and effective website, legal obligations where applicable, and consent for optional technologies where required. Respond to enquiries and develop relationships. To communicate, arrange meetings, understand requirements, prepare proposals and manage prospective or current customer, supplier and partner relationships. We rely on steps requested before a contract, performance of a contract, and legitimate interests in running and developing our business. Provide and administer contracted services. To onboard organisations, administer accounts, communicate about delivery, invoice, maintain records and enforce agreements. We rely on contract where you are a contracting individual, legitimate interests where the contract is with your organisation, and legal obligations. Marketing and events. To send newsletters, invitations and relevant business communications, measure engagement and manage preferences. We rely on consent where required by electronic-marketing law and otherwise on legitimate interests, subject to your right to object. Every direct marketing message will offer an appropriate way to opt out. Improve services and understand use. To analyse feedback and, where permitted, Site usage, identify trends and improve content, services and user experience. We rely on legitimate interests and on consent for cookies or similar technologies where required. Recruit people. To manage applications, assess suitability, communicate with candidates, check eligibility, take steps before an employment contract and protect legal rights. We rely on steps before contract, legal obligations and legitimate interests in recruitment and defending claims. Any special category information is used only under an applicable legal condition. Meet legal and compliance obligations. To keep records, respond to rights requests and complaints, comply with tax, accounting, corporate, regulatory or court requirements, and establish, exercise or defend legal claims. We rely on legal obligations and legitimate interests. Corporate transactions. To evaluate or complete an investment, financing, restructuring, sale, merger or transfer, with appropriate confidentiality and data-protection safeguards. We rely on legitimate interests in managing our business and assets and legal obligations where applicable. Where we rely on legitimate interests, we consider the necessity of the processing and balance our interests against the impact on your rights and freedoms. You may ask for more information about that assessment. 7. Marketing choices You can unsubscribe from marketing emails using the link in the message or by contacting us. We may continue to send service, security, legal or relationship communications that are not direct marketing. We keep a minimal suppression record after an opt-out so that we can respect your choice. Electronic-marketing rules vary by recipient type. We obtain consent where required and do not use pre-ticked boxes or treat silence as consent. Business contacts can object to direct marketing at any time. 8. Cookies and similar technologies Our Cookie Policy explains the technologies used on the Site, when consent is required, and how to change your choices. Optional technologies are controlled through Cookie Settings. Cookie Policy: sequential.bio/cookiepolicy 9. When we share information We share personal information only where necessary and subject to appropriate safeguards. Recipients may include: hosting, cloud, communications, security, analytics, customer-relationship, marketing and other technology providers; professional advisers, auditors, insurers, banks and payment providers; customers, suppliers, research partners, laboratories, clinical research organisations or study sponsors where relevant and explained in the applicable relationship or specific notice; recruitment agencies, screening providers and referees in connection with applications; regulators, courts, law enforcement and public authorities where disclosure is required or permitted by law; and prospective buyers, investors, lenders or counterparties and their advisers in connection with a corporate transaction, subject to confidentiality and appropriate controls. Service providers acting as processors may use information only on our documented instructions, must protect it and must not use it for their own unrelated purposes. Where another recipient acts as an independent controller, its own privacy notice also applies. 10. International transfers Some providers or recipients may be located outside the United Kingdom, or may allow access from another country. When we make a restricted transfer, we use a lawful transfer mechanism, such as UK adequacy regulations or appropriate safeguards including the UK International Data Transfer Agreement or the UK Addendum to approved standard contractual clauses. Where required, we complete a data protection test or transfer risk assessment and apply supplementary safeguards. We use a legal exception only where the law permits and the conditions are met. You may contact us for more information about the transfer mechanism relevant to your information, subject to lawful confidentiality restrictions. 11. How long we keep information We keep personal information only for as long as reasonably necessary for the purpose for which it was collected, including legal, accounting, reporting, security and dispute-resolution requirements. We use a documented retention approach that considers the amount, nature and sensitivity of the information, risk of harm, purpose, whether the purpose can be achieved another way, and applicable limitation or regulatory periods. Enquiries and business contacts. For the active relationship and a reasonable follow-up period, then deletion or minimisation unless records are needed for a contract, legal obligation or claim. Contracts and transaction records. For the contract and the relevant legal, tax, accounting and limitation periods after it ends. Marketing. Until you opt out or the information is no longer needed under our review rules; a minimal suppression record may be kept longer to respect the opt-out. Recruitment. For the recruitment exercise and a reasonable period to manage queries or claims, or longer with permission where we wish to consider you for future roles. Security and technical logs. For a proportionate period based on security, troubleshooting and legal needs. Studies and sensitive processing. As stated in the applicable study, service or participant notice and relevant protocol or contract. 12. Security We use appropriate technical and organisational measures designed to protect personal information against accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, disclosure or access. Measures are selected according to risk and may include access controls, confidentiality obligations, encryption in transit or at rest where appropriate, backups, monitoring, supplier due diligence and incident procedures. No internet transmission or storage system can be guaranteed completely secure. 13. Your data protection rights Depending on the circumstances, you may have the right to: be informed about how your personal information is used; request access to your personal information; request correction of inaccurate or incomplete information; request erasure of information where there is no lawful reason to continue using it; request restriction of processing in specified circumstances; object to processing based on legitimate interests and object at any time to direct marketing; receive or transfer certain information in a structured, commonly used and machine-readable format; withdraw consent at any time where processing is based on consent, without affecting earlier lawful processing; and ask for safeguards where a significant decision is made solely by automated processing, where applicable. These rights are not absolute and exemptions may apply. We may ask for information reasonably needed to confirm identity or clarify a request. We normally respond without undue delay and within the period required by law. A fee is not normally charged, but the law permits a reasonable fee or refusal in limited cases, such as manifestly unfounded or excessive requests. 14. Automated decision-making We do not currently use personal information collected through the Site to make decisions based solely on automated processing that produce legal or similarly significant effects. If that changes, we will provide specific information about the logic, significance, consequences and safeguards, including how to obtain human intervention and contest a decision. 15. Data protection complaints If you believe we have used your personal information unlawfully, contact us at team@sequential.bio or by post at Moneta (B280), Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, CB22 3AT, United Kingdom and mark the correspondence "Data protection complaint". We will help you make the complaint, acknowledge it within 30 days, investigate it, keep you appropriately informed and tell you the outcome without undue delay. You may also complain to the Information Commissioner's Office, the United Kingdom supervisory authority. We would appreciate the opportunity to address your concern first, but this does not affect your right to contact the ICO. ICO complaints information: ico.org.uk/make-a-complaint 16. Third-party links The Site may contain links, plug-ins or embedded content provided by third parties. Those organisations may collect information under their own privacy notices. We do not control their independent processing and encourage you to review their notices. 17. Changes to this policy We review this policy and may update it when our activities or legal requirements change. The date at the top shows the latest revision. If a change materially affects how we use information already collected, we will take reasonable steps to bring it to the attention of affected people and obtain consent where required. Contact us Questions about this Privacy Policy, your rights or a data protection complaint may be sent to: Sequential Skin Ltd (company number 12547483) Moneta (B280), Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, CB22 3AT, United Kingdom Email: team@sequential.bio

Understand Sequential's terms and conditions for using our website. Terms Of Use Last updated: July 28, 2026 These Terms of Use govern access to and use of the website at sequential.bio (the Site), operated by Sequential Skin Ltd, a company registered in England and Wales under company number 12547483, with its registered office at Moneta (B280), Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, CB22 3AT, United Kingdom. These terms apply to the Site only. They do not govern laboratory, testing, research, recruitment, software, app, product-supply or other services, which may be subject to separate contracts, study documents, participant information or additional terms. 1. Acceptance of these terms By using the Site, you confirm that you accept these Terms of Use and will comply with them. If you do not agree, you must not use the Site. If you use the Site on behalf of an organisation, you confirm that you are authorised to do so. 2. Information about us The Site is operated by Sequential Skin Ltd. Our registered office and principal legal contact address is Moneta (B280), Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, CB22 3AT, United Kingdom. Our company number is 12547483. You can contact us at team@sequential.bio . 3. Other terms that may apply Our Privacy Policy explains how we handle personal information, and our Cookie Policy explains how cookies and similar technologies are used. Additional terms will apply if you create an account, use an app or portal, purchase or receive services, apply for a role, or take part in a study or testing programme. Privacy Policy: sequential.bio/privacy-policy Cookie Policy: sequential.bio/cookiepolicy 4. Changes to these terms and the Site We may update these terms from time to time. The date at the top shows when they were last revised. Please check them whenever you use the Site. We may also update, suspend, withdraw or restrict any part of the Site for business, legal, security or operational reasons. We do not guarantee that the Site, or any content on it, will always be available or uninterrupted. 5. Accounts and security If any part of the Site requires an account or access credentials, you must provide accurate information, keep your credentials confidential, and tell us promptly if you suspect unauthorised access. You are responsible for activity carried out through your account unless caused by our breach of duty. We may suspend or disable credentials where reasonably necessary to protect users, systems or data, or where these terms are breached. 6. Permitted use You may use the Site for lawful purposes, including learning about Sequential, contacting us and accessing materials we make available. You may print or download extracts for your internal, non-commercial reference, provided you do not alter them or remove ownership notices. 7. Prohibited use You must not: use the Site unlawfully, fraudulently or in a way that infringes another person's rights; introduce malware, harmful code or material designed to disrupt, damage or gain unauthorised access to systems or data; attempt to bypass security, access controls, rate limits or technical restrictions; scrape, crawl, harvest or use automated means to access the Site except as permitted by law, by a published robots instruction, or with our written permission; copy, reproduce, modify, distribute, sell or commercially exploit Site content except as expressly permitted by these terms or by law; misrepresent your identity or affiliation, or submit information you do not have the right to provide; or use the Site to transmit unsolicited marketing, abusive material or content that is defamatory, discriminatory, obscene or otherwise unlawful. 8. Intellectual property rights We or our licensors own the intellectual property rights in the Site and its content, including text, graphics, software, branding, databases and know-how. Those rights are protected by law. No rights are granted except the limited right to use the Site under these terms. Sequential names, logos and trade marks may not be used without our prior written permission. Where we identify third-party content or rights holders, their rights remain with them, and any use may be subject to separate terms. 9. Information and materials you provide You remain responsible for information and materials you submit through the Site. You confirm that you are entitled to provide them and that they are accurate to the best of your knowledge. You grant us a limited, non-exclusive right to host, copy and use submitted material only as reasonably necessary to operate the Site, respond to you, provide requested services, comply with law and protect our legitimate interests. Personal information is handled as described in the Privacy Policy and, where applicable, a study-specific notice. 10. No medical, clinical or regulatory advice Site content is provided for general information about our business, technology and services. It is not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment, does not replace advice from a qualified healthcare professional, and is not legal, regulatory or investment advice. Research or scientific content may summarise developing fields and should not be relied on as a guarantee of outcomes, product performance or regulatory acceptance. 11. Accuracy and reliance We use reasonable care in preparing Site content but do not guarantee that it is complete, accurate, current or suitable for a particular purpose. You should obtain appropriate professional advice and independently verify information before acting on it. Statements about planned services, research or capabilities may change. 12. Third-party links and services The Site may link to websites, platforms or services operated by third parties. Links are provided for convenience and do not imply endorsement. We do not control third-party content, availability, security or privacy practices. Your use of third-party services is governed by their own terms and notices. 13. Linking to the Site You may link to public pages in a fair and lawful way that does not damage our reputation or suggest an association, approval or endorsement where none exists. You must not frame the Site or link from unlawful or misleading content. We may withdraw linking permission where reasonably necessary. 14. Security and viruses We take reasonable steps to protect the Site, but we do not guarantee that it will be secure or free from bugs, vulnerabilities or malicious code. You are responsible for configuring your devices and using appropriate security software. You must not misuse the Site by knowingly introducing harmful material or attempting unauthorised access. 15. Our responsibility for loss or damage Nothing in these terms excludes or limits liability where it would be unlawful to do so, including liability for death or personal injury caused by negligence, fraud or fraudulent misrepresentation. If you are a business user, the Site is provided without warranties or conditions except those that cannot lawfully be excluded. To the extent permitted by law, we are not liable for loss of profit, revenue, business, contracts, anticipated savings, data or goodwill, or for indirect or consequential loss, arising from use of or inability to use the Site or reliance on Site content. If you are a consumer, we are responsible for foreseeable loss caused by our breach of these terms or failure to use reasonable care and skill. We are not responsible for loss that was not foreseeable, for business losses, or for loss caused by events outside our reasonable control. Your mandatory consumer rights are not affected. 16. Suspension and termination We may suspend or terminate access where we reasonably believe you have breached these terms, created a security or legal risk, or misused the Site. Provisions that by their nature should continue after access ends, including intellectual property, disclaimers, liability and governing law, will continue to apply. 17. General If we delay enforcing a right, that does not waive it. If any provision is invalid or unenforceable, the remaining provisions continue in effect. These terms do not give rights to anyone other than you and us. We may transfer our rights and obligations as part of a reorganisation, financing, sale or transfer of our business, provided this does not reduce protections that apply to you by law. 18. Governing law and jurisdiction These terms and any non-contractual dispute arising from them are governed by the laws of England and Wales. If you are a business user, the courts of England and Wales have exclusive jurisdiction. If you are a consumer resident elsewhere in the United Kingdom, you may also bring proceedings in the courts of the part of the United Kingdom where you live, and any mandatory local rights continue to apply. Contact Us Questions about these Terms of Use may be sent to: Sequential Skin Ltd (company number 12547483) Moneta (B280), Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, CB22 3AT, United Kingdom Email: team@sequential.bio

Understand Sequential's cookie policy for using our website. Cookie Policy Last updated: Jul 28, 2026 This Cookie Policy explains how Sequential Skin Ltd uses cookies and similar storage or access technologies on sequential.bio (the Site). We are registered in England and Wales under company number 12547483, with our registered office at Moneta (B280), Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, CB22 3AT, United Kingdom. This policy should be read with our Privacy Policy. The live Cookie Settings tool on the Site provides the most current technical inventory of cookies and similar technologies, including their provider, purpose and duration. 1. What are cookies and similar technologies? Cookies are small text files stored on a browser or device. Similar technologies include pixels, tags, local storage, software development kits and other tools that store information on, or access information from, a device. They may recognise a device, remember choices, secure a session, measure use or support embedded content and advertising. 2. When we ask for consent We use cookies or similar technologies without consent only where permitted by law, such as where they are strictly necessary to provide a service you request, secure the Site, transmit communications or fall within another applicable statutory exception. For optional technologies, including most analytics, advertising and tracking technologies, we ask for consent before they are used. Consent must be given by a clear positive action. Continuing to browse does not by itself amount to consent. You can accept all, reject all or choose categories through the Cookie Settings tool. 3. Categories we use Strictly necessary. These technologies enable core functions such as page delivery, network management, load balancing, consent records, security, fraud prevention and access to requested features. They cannot generally be switched off through our tool because the Site cannot operate securely or respond to your request without them. Functional and preference. These remember choices such as language, region, display settings or previously selected preferences. If disabled, some convenience features may not work as intended. Analytics and performance. These help us understand how visitors use the Site, identify errors and improve content and performance. We use them only where consent is required and has been given, unless a specific legal exception applies. Advertising and targeting. These may measure campaigns, limit repeated adverts, build or use interest profiles, or support advertising on this or other services. They may recognise a browser across sites or services and are used only with required consent. Embedded content and social media. Videos, maps, forms, social media features or other third-party content may set or read technologies when enabled. The provider may use the resulting information under its own privacy terms. We obtain consent where required before activating non-essential embedded technologies. 4. First-party and third-party technologies First-party cookies are set by the Site. Third-party technologies are provided by another organisation, for example an analytics, hosting, video, social media, customer-relationship or advertising provider. Third parties may combine information from the Site with information obtained elsewhere, subject to their own terms and your choices. We do not control how third parties use information independently of us. 5. Current cookie details and duration Cookie names and durations can change when the Site or a provider is updated. The Cookie Settings tool is the authoritative current inventory. For each technology, it should identify: the cookie or technology name; whether it is first-party or third-party and the provider; its category and purpose; the information it stores or accesses where this is not clear from the purpose; and whether it is a session technology or the period before it expires. Session cookies normally expire when the browser closes. Persistent cookies remain until their stated expiry or until they are deleted. We review durations and use no longer than reasonably necessary for the stated purpose. 6. Managing or withdrawing consent You can change or withdraw your choices at any time through the Cookie Settings control on the Site. Withdrawing consent does not affect processing that was lawful before withdrawal. Optional technologies will be disabled for future activity after your choice is applied, although information already shared with a third party may remain subject to that party's retention rules. You can also use browser or device settings to block or delete cookies. Blocking all cookies may prevent parts of the Site from working. Browser deletion may remove the cookie that remembers your choices, so the consent tool may appear again. 7. Personal information Some cookie identifiers, IP addresses and usage information may be personal information. Where they are, our Privacy Policy explains the controller, purposes, lawful bases, recipients, transfers, retention and your rights. Consent under the cookie rules and the lawful basis for any related personal-information processing are considered separately where required. Privacy Policy: sequential.bio/privacy-policy 8. Changes to this policy We may update this policy when our use of technology, providers or legal requirements changes. The date at the top shows the latest revision. Where a change affects consent, we will ask for fresh consent where required. Contact Us Questions about this Cookie Policy or your cookie choices may be sent to: Sequential Skin Ltd (company number 12547483) Moneta (B280), Babraham Research Campus, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, CB22 3AT, United Kingdom Email: team@sequential.bio

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How do you Formulate Skincare Products? How do you Formulate Skincare Products? Formulating skincare products is a process that combines different ingredients to provide targeted skin benefits. The type of product being used, the particular skin concern and the formulation's stability and effectiveness are some of the variables that can affect the formulation process. Key Components of Skincare Formulation: Choosing the right ingredients when formulating skincare products is important, as it determines the product's effectiveness. Moreover, the chemical composition of the ingredients and their concentrations in a formulation is as important as establishing its overall effect on our health. Most skincare products typically include 15 to 20 ingredients in their formulation (Goyal & Jerold, 2023). Water Ultra-pure distilled water serves as the foundation for nearly every cosmetic formulation, including creams, lotions, makeup, deodorants, shampoos, and conditioners. It functions primarily as a solvent, helping to emulsify ingredients and ensure a smooth and consistent texture in the final product (Goyal & Jerold, 2023). Emulsifiers Promotes the formation of a homogenous and consistent texture in the formulation by encouraging the suspension of water and oil (Goyal & Jerold, 2023). Humectants Humectants are crucial for the skin's hydration balance, moisture retention, and desiccation prevention. Multiple hydroxyl, carboxyl, or other polar groups found in humectants have the ability to create hydrogen bonds with water molecules, which allows them to absorb and hold onto moisture (Du et al., 2024). Thickeners Long carbon chains and polar groups like hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amide groups make up most of the thickeners. Within solutions, these long-chain structures increase the viscosity of the solution by increasing its resistance to flow (Du et al., 2024). Preservatives Preservatives are added to prevent the growth of pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms that could degrade the product or negatively impact the consumer's health De et al., 2017). Active Ingredients Ingredients that offer therapeutic advantages and improve the efficacy of skincare products, such as hyaluronic acid, are used as active components in formulations (Morganti et al., 2023). Therefore, selecting the appropriate active ingredient is crucial to creating a high-quality skin care product (Calixto & Maia, 2017). Stability testing and sensory analysis The formulations afterwards need to be tested for their stability at different temperatures and for sensory evaluation such as spreadability, cohesiveness, consistency, firmness and viscosity (Calixto & Maia, 2017). Targeting the microbiome with Skincare products Our skin is home to millions of microbial species called the Skin microbiome. A balance of all these microbes is crucial to obtain healthy skin. Imbalances cause several skin problems such as acne, rosacea…etc. So when formulating skincare products it is important to investigate each ingredient's impact on the skin microbiome. Conclusion It is of great importance to carefully consider the ingredients that are put into skincare formulations whilst considering the skin microbiome. Developing safe and efficient products is frequently the main goal, there is also a growing tendency towards customisation based on the demands of each individual's skin. This trend towards customised skincare highlights the value of customised solutions in the beauty industry and represents a deeper awareness of the various needs of various skin types and conditions. References Calixto LS, Maia Campos PMBG. Physical-Mechanical characterization of cosmetic formulations and correlation between instrumental measurements and sensorial properties. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2017 Oct;39(5):527-534. doi: 10.1111/ics.12406. Epub 2017 Jul 24. PMID: 28555924. De Groot, A. C., & White, I. R. (2001). Cosmetics and Skin Care Products. Textbook of Contact Dermatitis, 661–685.doi:10.1007/978-3-662-10302-9_32 Du XN, He Y, Chen YW, Liu Q, Sun L, Sun HM, Wu XF, Lu Y. Decoding Cosmetic Complexities: A Comprehensive Guide to Matrix Composition and Pretreatment Technology. Molecules. 2024 Jan 15;29(2):411. doi: 10.3390/molecules29020411. PMID: 38257324; PMCID: PMC10818968. Goyal N, Jerold F. Biocosmetics: technological advances and future outlook. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Feb;30(10):25148-25169. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-17567-3. Epub 2021 Nov 25. PMID: 34825334; PMCID: PMC8616574. Morganti, P.; Lohani, A.; Gagliardini, A.; Morganti, G.; Coltelli, M.-B. Active Ingredients and Carriers in Nutritional Eco-Cosmetics. Compounds 2023, 3, 122-141. https://doi.org/10.3390/compounds3010011

How to Test My Microbiome at Home? How to Test My Microbiome at Home? Advancements in next-generation sequencing (NGS) have made it easier for consumers to analyse their microbiome at home, providing insights into digestion, immune function and risks for chronic conditions like obesity and inflammatory bowel disease. (Kashyap et al., 2013; Mills et al., 2019) What was once confined to research labs is now accessible to individuals through at-home testing kits. Testing your microbiome at home involves using specialised kits that analyse stool, saliva, or skin samples to provide insights into the composition of your microbiota. At-Home Microbiome Testing Walkthrough Choose a Testing Kit: Several companies offer microbiome testing kits that can be purchased online. The most common ones focus on gut bacteria via stool samples, while others may analyse saliva or skin samples. Sample Collection: The kit will come with tools to collect your sample, usually a test tube for stool, saliva, or skin swabs. Each kit typically contains instructions, a sterile collection tool, a labelled container for the sample, and a prepaid shipping label to send the sample back to the lab for analysis. Return Your Sample: After collecting the sample, you place it in the provided container, label it, and use the prepaid shipping label to return it to the lab. DNA Analysis: Once the sample reaches the lab, it undergoes DNA sequencing, usually through next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques. This process identifies the types and quantities of bacteria and other microbes in the sample. (Franzosa et al., 2018) Results: After the analysis, the company provides a detailed report of your microbiome, including the diversity and relative abundance of microbes. Some tests may offer personalised health or dietary recommendations based on your microbiome profile. (Mills et al., 2019) Actionable Insights: Based on your results, you may be able to adjust your diet or lifestyle to improve your microbiome balance and overall health. Conclusion At-home microbiome testing relies on the use of NGS, which sequences the DNA of the microorganisms in your sample. This technology has been validated in numerous scientific studies and is widely used in microbiome research. (Turnbaugh et al., 2007) Companies typically compare your microbiome profile against large databases of microbial genomes to provide insights into how your microbiome compares to others in terms of diversity and health markers. (Human Microbiome Project Consortium, 2012) While at-home microbiome tests are an exciting development in personalised health and have become a beacon in providing valuable information, it’s important to note that the science is still evolving. The relationships between specific microbes and health conditions are not fully understood yet and more research is needed to translate these findings into actionable clinical advice (Zhernakova et al., 2016). As research into the human microbiome continues, these tests will likely become even more accurate and influential in shaping personalised health strategies. References Franzosa, E. A., McIver, L. J., Rahnavard, G., Thompson, L. R., Schirmer, M., Weingart, G., … & Huttenhower, C. (2018). Species-level functional profiling of metagenomes and metatranscriptomes. Nature Methods, 15(11), 962-968. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-018-0176-y Human Microbiome Project Consortium. (2012). Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome. Nature, 486(7402), 207-214. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11234 Kashyap, P. C., Marcobal, A., Ursell, L. K., Smits, S. A., Sonnenburg, E. D., Costello, E. K., ... & Sonnenburg, J. L. (2013). Genetically dictated change in host mucus carbohydrate landscape exerts a diet-dependent effect on the gut microbiota. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(42), 17059-17064. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1306070110 Lloyd-Price, J., Abu-Ali, G., & Huttenhower, C. (2016). The healthy human microbiome. Genome Medicine, 8(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-016-0307-y Mills, S., Stanton, C., Lane, J. A., Smith, G. J., & Ross, R. P. (2019). Precision nutrition and the microbiome, part I: Current state of the science. Nutrients, 11(4), 923. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11040923 Rothschild, D., Weissbrod, O., Barkan, E., Kurilshikov, A., Korem, T., Zeevi, D., … & Segal, E. (2018). Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota. Nature, 555(7695), 210-215. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature25973 Zhernakova, A., Kurilshikov, A., Bonder, M. J., Tigchelaar, E. F., Schirmer, M., Vatanen, T., … & Wijmenga, C. (2016). Population-based metagenomics analysis reveals markers for gut microbiome composition and diversity. Science, 352(6285), 565-569. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad3369

What is a Microbiome Formulation? What is a Microbiome Formulation? Less is More approach Statistically, Women typically apply around 16 beauty products each day, exposing their skin to about 515 synthetic chemicals daily. (“The Average Woman Uses 16 Beauty Products Every Day. Here Are the Ones Worth the Investment,” 2018) This extensive exposure has led to a rise in skin sensitivity, which now affects 60-70% of women and 50-60% of men worldwide (Sensitive skins wear their own skin microbiota, 2024) - a number that continues to climb. To mitigate these effects, experts advise using fewer, essential ingredients and prioritising simple, balanced formulations over emphasising single "hero" ingredients. This holistic approach fosters skin compatibility, supporting healthier skin with reduced risk of irritation. Traditional vs Microbiome approach The traditional skin care approach highlights a single, "hero" ingredient or a blend of active ingredients to deliver specific benefits, with the spotlight on these components as the main drivers of product efficacy. However, a microbiome-focused approach takes a broader, more holistic perspective. It considers how each ingredient, including non-active additives (functional ingredients), interacts with the skin and its microbiome. This method aims to create formulations that support the skin's natural microbial balance, ensuring that every component contributes positively to overall skin health. Anhydrous Products Anhydrous products, with no water, do not require preservatives since bacteria need moisture to grow. However, they face challenges: incorporating water-soluble actives is difficult, and they are more prone to oxidation and rancidity. Their thick, oil-based consistency may also not suit all skin types, especially oily or sensitive skin. Despite these drawbacks, anhydrous formulations appeal to consumers interested in preservative-free, minimal skincare. Water-based Products Water in skincare products often makes up 80%, requiring emulsifiers to mix with oils and preservatives to prevent bacterial and fungal growth. To avoid contamination, effective preservation is essential. Instead of skipping preservation, reducing water activity can enhance product stability by limiting moisture, which is crucial for safer, less chemically intensive formulations. pH Maintaining a skincare formulation with a slightly acidic pH, ideally below 5, supports the skin's microbiome and barrier function. Alkaline cleansers with pH levels above 7 can disrupt the acid mantle, weakening the barrier and encouraging harmful bacteria. Hülpüsch et al. (2022) found that a higher skin pH (5.7–6.2) in atopic dermatitis patients is linked to increased Staphylococcus aureus colonisation, worsening inflammation and barrier issues. Acidic formulations may help control bacterial overgrowth, reducing flare-ups and promoting skin health in at-risk groups like those with AD. Ingredients Formulations that are high in lipids can strengthen the skin barrier, enhancing hydration and resilience against irritants. Combining gentle surfactants with super fatty agents further reduces potential for irritation and maintains moisture, which is particularly beneficial for sensitive skin types. These principles help prevent disruption of the microbiome, ensuring the skin remains balanced and resilient over time (Van Belkum et al., 2023). The selection of mildly acidic, pH-balanced ingredients close to the skin’s natural acidity (4.7 < pH < 5.7) is crucial, as it helps preserve the skin’s barrier and microbiome. Preservatives To protect the skin microbiome and reduce bacterial growth, it’s essential to minimise preservatives, especially in oil-based products. Anhydrous formulations, which don’t require preservatives, are ideal when possible. For water-based products, alternatives such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), and natural humectants like glycerin, sodium lactate, and NMF components (ceramide, urea), can improve microbial stability and skin barrier function (Halla et al., 2018). Airless packaging and sterilisation methods like UHT technology can further enhance product safety by minimising contamination, reducing the need for traditional preservatives. Surfactants Water-in-oil System: Choose emulsifiers with a low hydrophilic-lipophilic balance ratio and natural ingredients like plant oils or sugars. Limit emulsifier concentration to maintain skin barrier integrity. Avoid Polysorbate 80, which can promote pathogen growth, and use alternatives like Polyglyceryl 4 Oleate, which self-emulsify when mixed with water. Oil-in-water System: Use microbiome-friendly emulsifiers derived from natural sources like plant oils and sugars. Examples include Olivem 1000, made from olive oil (Cetearyl Olivate and Sorbitan Olivate), and Emulium Mellifera MB, which combines beeswax and jojoba wax (Polyglyceryl-6 Distearate and Jojoba Esters). These emulsifiers help maintain skin health while supporting the microbiome. It's also important to limit the concentration of emulsifiers to avoid disrupting the skin barrier. Fragrances/Essential Oils Fragrances should generally be avoided in skincare formulations, especially for sensitive skin, as many fragrances can cause irritation. However, certain essential oils may serve as antimicrobial agents in products for non-sensitive skin, offering a natural alternative to synthetic preservatives. For instance, bergamot and lavender oils demonstrate antibacterial and antifungal effects, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus, though they do not affect S. epidermidis (Kim et al., 2022). Additionally, rosemary oil and phenylethyl alcohol show strong antifungal properties, adding preservative benefits without traditional preservatives. Reference Byrd, A. L., Belkaid, Y., & Segre, J. A. (2018). The human skin microbiome. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 16(3), 143-155. Halla, N., Fernandes, I. P., Heleno, S. A., Costa, P., Boucherit-Otmani, Z., Boucherit, K., Rodrigues, A. E., Ferreira, I. C. F. R., & Barreiro, M. F. (2018). Cosmetics Preservation: A Review on Present Strategies. Molecules, 23(7), 1571. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071571 The average woman uses 16 beauty products every day. Here are the ones worth the investment. (2018, December 6). The Telegraph. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/beauty/face/essential-skincare-makeup-products-use-everyday/ Sensitive skins wear their own skin microbiota - BEAUTY HORIZONS 1 2021 WW. (2024, March 27). https://digital.teknoscienze.com/beauty_horizons_1_2021_ww/sensitive_skins_wear_their_own_skin_microbiota Hülpüsch, C., Tremmel, K., Hammel, G., Bhattacharyya, M., De Tomassi, A., Nussbaumer, T., Neumann, A. U., Reiger, M., & Traidl‐Hoffmann, C. (2020). Skin pH–dependent Staphylococcus aureus abundance as predictor for increasing atopic dermatitis severity. Allergy, 75(11), 2888–2898. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14461 Van Belkum, A., Lisotto, P., Pirovano, W., Mongiat, S., Zorgani, A., Gempeler, M., Bongoni, R., & Klaassens, E. (2023). Being friendly to the skin microbiome: Experimental assessment. Frontiers in Microbiomes, 1. https://doi.org/10.3389/frmbi.2022.1077151 Nielsen, H. L., et al. (2016). Influence of emulsifiers on microbial stability in cosmetic formulations. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 38(4), 357-366. https://doi.org/10.1111/ics.12301 Kim, J., et al. (2022). Antimicrobial effects of essential oils on skin microbiota. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 73(5), 452-460.

< Back Laboratory Technician Cambridge, UK Job Type Full-time Workspace On-Site About the Role Company Description Sequential advances health and personal care research by conducting in-depth human molecular clinical testing, biomarker discovery, including skin, scalp, oral, and vaginal health. Through a comprehensive in-house platform, Sequential transforms complex biological data into actionable insights. By leveraging microbial and molecular analyses, along with a robust database of samples, ingredients, and participants globally, Sequential drives data-driven innovation and product validation. The company sets a high standard for creating effective, credible, and scientifically validated products for personal care and pharmaceutical industries. Job Title: Laboratory Technician Location: Cambridge UK Job Type: Full-time Salary: £26,000-£35,000 (dependent on experience) Reports to: Laboratory Manager / Senior Scientist Role Overview We are seeking a highly motivated Laboratory Technician to support routine laboratory operations within a fast-paced production environment. The successful candidate will perform molecular testing to a high standard, ensuring compliance with company quality systems and UK laboratory best practice standards. Key Duties & Responsibilities Test samples aseptically, accurately, and within allowable time and temperature holding requirements. Perform DNA/RNA-based assays including DNA/RNA extraction, PCR, and qPCR in accordance with validated protocols. Prepare, assemble, and ship sample collection kits for clients. Support general laboratory functions, including housekeeping of the lab and equipment to maintain a contamination-free environment and preparation of reagents and consumables. Maintain Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) at all times. Operate in strict accordance with company quality and procedural manuals, ensuring compliance with all relevant accreditations and regulatory standards. Maintain laboratory facilities and equipment in good physical condition, reporting faults or deviations promptly. Contribute to a positive, professional, and safe working environment, adhering to all company health and safety policies. Participate in continuous improvement initiatives to enhance laboratory efficiency, quality, and compliance. Qualifications A science-related qualification (e.g., BSc, MSc, or equivalent), preferably in Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biomedical Science, or a related field; Experience Practical experience performing DNA/RNA-based techniques, including DNA/RNA extraction, PCR, and qPCR. Knowledge of basic microbiological handling techniques is highly desirable. Experience working within a quality-controlled or accredited laboratory environment (e.g., ISO, UKAS, GLP) is advantageous. Skills & Attributes Strong aseptic technique and contamination control practices are essential. Excellent time management skills, with the ability to work efficiently in a high-throughput production environment. Ability to work independently without close supervision while maintaining accuracy and consistency. High level of integrity and commitment to maintaining quality standards. Proactive, adaptable, and willing to learn with a positive “can-do” attitude. Able to take initiative and act responsibly within a team environment. Clear and effective communicator, able to collaborate across multiple teams. About the Company Sequential is an established global leader in clinical product testing for the personal care and dermo-cosmetics industries. Formed by a team of PhD experts in genetics, epigenetics, and microbiome research, the company specializes in microbiome and human biomarker testing to champion topical products’ impacts in real use cases across skin scalp, oral and vulvovaginal formulations. The company is an Innovate UK and Enterprise Singapore-backed company, with labs in Cambridge, New York City and Singapore. Apply Now

What Is a Skin Microbiome Kit? What Is a Skin Microbiome Kit? A skin microbiome test kit is a diagnostic tool designed to analyse the microorganisms living on the surface of the skin. These kits assess the diversity and abundance of bacteria, fungi, and other microbes, providing insights into the skin’s microbial ecosystem. The information gathered can help individuals and healthcare providers understand microbial imbalances that might contribute to dermatological conditions or identify strategies to improve skin health. Components of a Skin Microbiome Kit Sampling Materials Swabs: Sterile swabs are used to collect skin samples from specific areas, such as the face, hands, or scalp. Adhesive Strips: In some kits, tape-stripping methods collect deeper microbial samples by gently removing skin cells along with surface microbes. Sample Preservation The collected samples are placed into a vial or test tube containing a stabilising agent to preserve the DNA of microbes until the sample reaches the laboratory. Instructions for Use Clear instructions are included to guide users on how to collect samples correctly to avoid contamination and ensure accurate results. Once the sample arrives at the lab, it undergoes next-generation sequencing (NGS) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. These techniques identify microbial DNA and quantify the presence of various microorganisms. (Nafea et al., 2024) Results are typically shared in reports, offering detailed insights into the composition of the user’s skin microbiome and recommendations for skincare or lifestyle adjustments. Applications and Benefits -Personalised skincare: Tailored treatments based on an individual’s skin microbial profile. By identifying specific bacteria or fungi, users can specifically customise their skincare routines, using products designed to promote a healthy microbiome or address specific concerns such as acne or dryness. Companies may also use the microbiome data collected to formulate more effective skincare products in the future. -Identifying dysbiosis: Kits can detect microbial imbalances (dysbiosis), which are associated with conditions such as eczema, acne, and psoriasis. (Borrego-Ruiz & Borrego, 2024) This allows dermatologists to recommend targeted therapies, such as probiotics or prebiotics, to restore balance and improve skin health. (D’Auria et al., 2021) They are also helpful for tracking the effectiveness of treatments over time. -Monitoring the impact of lifestyle changes: The skin microbiome is influenced by environmental factors like humidity, pollution, and UV exposure, as well as lifestyle choices such as diet and stress management. Testing allows users to monitor how these factors affect their microbial health and make adjustments accordingly. (Byrd et al., 2018) -Research purposes: Helping dermatologists and researchers understand the dynamics of skin health better and test the effectiveness of new treatments. This data can drive the development of these new therapies, including microbiome-based interventions, and help identify potential biomarkers for skin disorders. (D’Auria et al., 2021) Scientific Significance The skin microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining the skin's barrier function and immune responses. Imbalances in these microbial communities are often associated with dermatological conditions, and research continues to explore how restoring balance through topical or oral interventions could improve skin health. Accurate sampling and analysis, however, remain critical challenges for researchers, requiring reproducible methods for reliable results. (D’Auria et al., 2021) Conclusion A skin microbiome kit offers a gateway into understanding the complex ecosystem on our skin. While still emerging as a mainstream tool, these kits are becoming popular in both consumer skincare and clinical research. As more studies focus on the interplay between the skin microbiome and external factors such as diet and environmental exposures, personalised skincare routines may soon become the norm. References Byrd, A. L., Belkaid, Y., & Segre, J. A. (2018). The human skin microbiome. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 16(3), 143-155. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2017.157 Borrego-Ruiz, A., & Borrego, J. J. (2024). Microbial Dysbiosis in the Skin Microbiome and Its Psychological Consequences. Microorganisms, 12(9), 1908. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091908 D'Auria, E., Acunzo, M., et al. (2021). A journey on the skin microbiome: Pitfalls and opportunities. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(18), 9846. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189846 Nafea, A. M., Wang, Y., Wang, D., Salama, A. M., Aziz, M. A., Xu, S., & Tong, Y. (2024). Application of next-generation sequencing to identify different pathogens. Frontiers in Microbiology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1329330

Who We Help Your end-to-end clinical testing partner. Dermocosmetics & Personal Care We help innovative dermocosmetic and personal care brands generate clinical-grade evidence and multi-omics insight, revealing not just efficacy, but true mechanisms of action and competitive positioning. Find out more Derm Pharma Therapeutics As a specialised CRO for dermatological therapeutics, we go beyond traditional study execution, delivering biomarker-driven clinical evaluation through validated assays, condition-specific expertise, and rigorous, reproducible methodologies. Find out more Clinical Research Organisations We partner with CROs to provide advanced microbiome, genomic, and biomarker analysis—supporting complex study requirements without compromising timelines, quality, or client expectations. Find out more Ingredient Manufacturers We help ingredient manufacturers generate robust, clinically relevant evidence by testing actives within controlled formulations, delivering clear insight into biological impact and optimal performance. Find out more